Since the ancient days almost continuous expansion of research in physical education and
sports has been going on to tap knowledge
which could help in higher performance in sports. Today by a conservative estimate, some
30,000 books, journals and articles are published education, sports and sports sciences.
Recently physical education itself is discussed under two areas:
1. General physical Education For the development of physical fitness of
the population.
2. Competitive physical Education for higher performance sports.
Since then to achieve the highest performance all aspects of sports sciences have been
applied and research work is still continuing. Before 1960's. there existed only a few
countries where research work as in the area of sports sciences were organized
and most
information was scattered in various professional and scientific journals.
The first inter disciplinary international organization of
sports sciences held
meetings in Hamburg(1929), Vienna(1930), Berelin(1939) Helsinki(1982) as also in recent
years, just prior to the Olympic scientific congress is held along with other executive
meetings.
The achievement of sports medicine and application of research findings from
various other sports sciences like Biomechanics, Physiology of exercises, sports
sociology, general training methodic, Kinanthropometry, sports psychology have helped the
sportsmen to perform to unlimited capacity at international competitions. Even sports
medicine aspect of a sportsman but also physiological, Biochemical, Orthopedic
and
Biological aspects of the sportsman.
The pathology of an athletes locomotors apparatus is rich and
degenerative, made of cartilaginous, tedious, or muscularlessions resulting from
fractures, tearing, brutal ruptures, or above all, fatigue following micro fractures
of the
tissue structure due to excessive osteo articular consumption and a deluxe physiology.
Here, the role of a sports doctor is essential, through a difficult one, as it is
basically the responsibility of the athletes Hygienist. His family doctor. if any, will
usually guide, warn and supervise. But prevention is not simply detection. The doctor must
change his bias toward diagnosis and therapy. he must center his attention on daily
hygiene, diet, physical exercise. He can reform dietary errors, correct over
weight, advise against smoking, drinking and drugs. Thus, he becomes an advisor on healthy living, not
forgetting the important psychological role which he has to play. He should avoid too much
talk on medicine, with increased dose of extra check up and exercise cure. The general
practitioners are the best architects of primary prevention.
Sports medicine which is truly preventive medicine, can act
as an effective screen in reducing expenditure on health. When control of high performance
sportsmen and sports women is concerned, sports-medicine has the task of bringing each
individual into top form or warn him or her against effects of over indulgence on
the body's physiology. In this way, sports medicine aims to:
- Encourage continued medical training amongst general practitioners not only to improve
their knowledge of improving care.
-To improve the quality of medical information on prevention, especially the ailments of
modern life and high stress.
Sports and physical exercise can be of a particular help to children with serious
handicaps, whether of the senses, the cerebral motor or as a result of amputations. In
these cases physical exercise and sporting activities can help to rehabilitate
and are
factors in social reintegration.
To be with in the reach of children and rural requirements in India, the
assessment procedure by the doctors must be simple, with minimum of expensive equipment,
but with maximum of time allowed and should include.
- a classical anthropometrics/physiological check up.
- a properly chosen index of strength.
-a spyrometer/gas analyzer*
- BP apparatuses
* both these equipment with bicycle.
Ergo meter are essential at fairly high level competition.
The check up should revolved round a close questioning
about previous case history, discipline and life style, any ambitions to complete
at higher levels and psychological aspects and it should lead to complementary
consultations according to the aspirations of the subjects.
It is therefore, necessary to incorporate within the normal period
medical studies a cycle of training and practical training courses in sports medicine.
Prevention is possible on two levels:
-Medical
-Technological - top
competitors are like children and highly sensitive. They need a high technical
analysis.
However , any physical and sporting activity must be
practiced after careful and sporting activity must be practiced after careful
technological study. Very articular supervision must be carried out among children and
adolescents whose skeletons are immature and fragile the apprenticeship in sports must be
progressive by training and medical supervision.
Top competition sports calls for equipment of high quality
to be adopted for prevention: from shoe and the ground to helmet and shin
guards in order
to prevent injuries as well as improve performance. This aspect can only be borne or close
collaboration among trainer, athlete, doctor and biomechanic investigator. Biomechanics
plays an important role in sports. All games are played as per 1st three newton's law of
motion. Similarly the Biomechanical investigations i.e., through film analyzer
and chromo cycholography we can analyze the entire technical movements.
the knowledge of sports psychology is now regarded as a major
requirements in the preparation of a coach as well as an athlete. In fact, it
is now
regarded as an essential part of sports psychology help to maximize human potential. In
the psychological preparation of sportsman various performance tests are conducted before
they participate in any top competition. These tests are mainly 2 types:
_ Psycho-Physiological tests
_ Psycho-Motor tests.
the physiological tests include evaluation of biochemical
changes, cardiovascular response and respiratory adjustments which are caused by
the stress of approaching competitions.
Psycho-Motor tests include mainly a "co-ordination
meter". results of these tests are usually correlated with physiological indicates of
mobilization.
The human systems, in fact is a unique blend of psychological
component. The mind-body principal or the principle of psychophysical unity of man clearly
indicates the reciprocal relationship existing between the brain and brawn.
Hence, scientific process and implementation of sports sciences
at all levels is very necessary and we hope this contributes to a certain level
which will ultimately help in the level of performance at all levels.
In the Olympic arena the antidumping fight is now very efficient.
The problem is being studied and adopted in a permanent way. They have also
established an International Olympic association of Research in Sports medicine to study
the problems of doping.
The sports sciences experts have a lot to contribute not
only to the performance of sportsman but also for the general health of youth of our
country and finally improve the standard of sports in the country.
It is generally accepted that sports is value to people, that it
builds a better society by encouraging and tenacity, friendship and respect, other
valued qualities.
Doing sports is total body interaction with sensory and extra sensory
self, the physical ,emotional, social and spiritual personal meaning and motivation for
participation in physical activity from both parents and teachers will develop you all to
understand that sports has universal appeal. Cutting across cultures, races, ages and
political Ideologies. You all being doctors and have to deal with a human body will
understand better the intricacies of proper development of the human being without drugs
etc., Even today parents and teachers have not understand the importance of doing sports.
Parents expect only monitory and other benefits without valuing their children good health
and well being due to sports training. You doctors should a model/symbol of healthy body
and a healthy mind. You all should understand the importance of psycho-somatic and
somatapsychic fitness and its worth in treating patients as well as advice your friends.
In a complex and rapidly changing world, sports movement can be conduct to maintain
a
personal relationship with ourselves, Keeping in touch with our innermost sense of being.
We need good living conditions, fresh air, clean water,
good food, green surroundings, proper education, proper amount of work etc., but we must
also have good health in order to enjoying them. the imbalance between the quality of the
body and developing conditions lies at the root of all our health and social problems.
While we are enjoying the best of living conditions science has brought us, we have loss
the genuine satisfaction of lie itself, the blessing of nature.
Today even in your medical profession there is a lot of
development with regard to your approach to a problem:- most doctors develop
themselves by understanding some aspects of sports medicine.
One
understands Sports medicine as
-
Performance Medicine.
-
Preventive Medicine.
-
Curative Medicine.
-
rehabilitation.
-
Sports Medicine in the International Sphere.
From high performance sports, modern sports
medicine has extended its field of scientific and practical interest to sport for all.
this has given it a clearly preventive and social significance. Consequently its tasks
have become very extended and pluri-disciplinay. Thus the preparation of the ranks of
sports doctors represent the main objective; their activity should be organized
by means
of team work in special sports medicine centers. A constant collaboration is necessary to
achieve any organizational system which may be planned, on the basis of the
possibilities and requirements of our country. Functional evaluation of the athlete is a
complex task which, as far as possible should be carried out by a multi-specialist
team, provided with sufficient apparatuses.
The importance of the various branches of
sports sciences that contribute to the over all uplift of sports development in the long
run can never be overlooked nor can it be over emphasized at the present state of our
sports performance and results.
Isn't it time for all of you to sift ore of
your attention and efforts from the living conditions back to life and wrest the best type
of satisfaction from your body, thereby reducing all too great country.
You all are privileged youth as there are
millions without these facilities, make the best use of your education and develop a habit
for exercising to be better doctors to serve the future youth of this great country.
We in India have started seriously at the
National Institute Of sports since 1962 In our country we do not have even a fitness
survey of let alone the school and college going children. Involving the parents in the
fitness and sports activities will yield a grater results in moulding their youthful
children into the right sporting path.
Regular exercise and medical
check ups not only help you maintain overall fitness, but also enhances your self esteem
and better, yet it is not too late to most of us to start, even those in their middle
years who have never exercised before can begin to pave way for fitness in
their mature years.
